Molecular structure of filgrastim
by Ross Bonander
Neupogen (filgrastim), administered either subcutaneously or intravenously, is a man-made drug that mimics the work of glycoproteins in the body known as colony-stimulating factors, which help promote the growth and proliferation of blood cells. Neupogen is given in order to encourage the growth of white blood cells known as neutrophils.
Drug profile
- Class: Colony-stimulating factor
- Treatment type: Symptom management
- US approval: 1991
- Synonyms: G-CSF, rG-CSF
- FDA Use-in-Pregnancy Rating: Category C
What Neupogen is effective for and why
Because Neupogen boosts the production of neutrophils, it is used in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression and severe chronic neutropenia (whether chemotherapy-induced or otherwise). It is also used to treat acute myeloid leukemia, to prevent neutropenia from occurring and possibly undercutting the efficacy of chemotherapy, and to stimulate engraftment following a bone marrow transplant.
Side effects of Neupogen: Overview
The most commonly reported side effect of receiving a Neupogen injection is mild to moderate bone pain. Experts speculate that this pain is caused by the rapid expansion of neutrophils in the bone marrow, which creates a feeling of pressure or pain within the bone. Patients are encouraged to report any and all side effects to their doctor or oncology team.
Allergic reactions to Neupogen have on some occasions been reported, including wheezing, facial edema, and hypotension. These are can be serious side effects and may require immediate emergency medical attention.
Sources
Significant studies relating to Neupogen
